MPSC Technical Service Syllabus 2023 PDF (Prelims & Mains) Exam Pattern Download

Candidates who are applying for the Maharashtra Public Service Commission (MPSC) Technical Service Exam can get the syllabus from here. MPSC Technical Service Exam Syllabus Plays a Crucial Role in exam preparation. Without having the knowledge of the MPSC Syllabus 2023 Technical Service Exam, individuals cannot clearly present in the written examination. Therefore, candidates to qualify for the examination to know the in-depth MPSC Forester Officer, Deputy Director of Agriculture, Taluka Agriculture Officer, Agriculture Officer Junior, Assistant Engineer Civil, and Assistant Engineer (Electrical & Mechanical) Syllabus 2023 through this article.

MPSC Technical Services Previous Question Papers (Download) Prelims & Mains Model Papers

MPSC Technical Service Syllabus 2023 

MPSC Technical Service (Prelims & Mains) Exam Pattern 2023

Prelims

Mains

Download the Syllabus for MPSC Technical Service Exam 2023

In this section, we provide the topic Wise Syllabus for Maharashtra Public Service Commission Technical Service Syllabus 2023. Also, begin your preparation now as there is a huge MPSC Technical Service Exam 2023 Syllabus to cover for the exam. Also, access the previous papers for MPSC Technical Service Examination from our site for your preparation.

Prelims

• Marathi – Common Vocabulary, Syntax, Grammar, Meaning and Usage of Idioms and Proverbs and Answers to the above questions
• इंग्रजी – Common vocabulary, Sentence structure, Grammar, Use of Idioms & Phrases and their meaning, and Comprehension of passage.
• Current Affairs – Global as well as in India.
• Indian State System
• General Science – Physics, Chemistry, Remote Sensing, Aerial and drone photography, GIS and its application, etc., and information and communication technology
• Geography of India and Maharashtra
• General mental ability (logical reasoning, analytical ability, problem-solving, basic numeracy)
• Environment:- Human development and environment, environment complementary development, conservation of natural resources especially and forest conservation, various types of pollution and environmental disasters, state/ nation/ global level organizations/institutions working in environmental conservation.

Mains

Agricultural Services Main Exam (Paper 1)

(1) Basics of Agriculture

Definition, meaning, and branches. Factors affecting crop production, Agro-Climatic Zones. Cropping Systems: Definition and types of cropping systems, Problems of dryland agriculture. Seed production, seed processing, seed village, Meteorology: weather parameters, crop-weather advisory. System of crop intensification. Organic farming. Major soil types of India and Maharashtra. Fertilizers. Integrated watershed management.

Food production and consumption trends in India. Food security and growing population. Reasons for grain surplus. National and International food policies. Production and procurement: Need for food security, NFSM, and other food security-related Government initiatives, the impact of

Government procurement & distribution. Buffer stock – Objectives & Norms in India. Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, public distribution system and below poverty line population, targeted public distribution system (PDS), policy implementation in context to globalization. Processing constraints. Relation of food production to national dietary guidelines and food consumption pattern. Food-based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger; nutrient deficiency – micronutrient deficiency: protein-energy, malnutrition or protein-calorie malnutrition (PEM or PCM) and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food grain productivity and food security.

Ecology and its relevance to man, natural resources, their sustainable management and conservation. Causes of climate change. Green House Gases (GHG), major GHG emitting countries, climate analysis. distinguish between adaptation and mitigation. climate change impact to agriculture and rural livelihood. carbon credit, IPCC. UNFCCC. CoP meetings, funding mechanisms for climate change projects, initiatives by Govt. of India, NAPCC. SAPCC, INDC. Present scenario of Indian agriculture ed activities: recent trends, major challenges in agriculture. measures to enhance the viability of agriculture: Factors of Production in agriculture; Agricultural finance and marketing. Impact of globalization on Indian agriculture and issues of food security: concept and types of farm management.

Concept of rural area. Structure of the Indian rural economy: Importance and role of the rural sector in India. Economic, social and demographic characteristics of the Indian rural economy. causes of rural backwardness, rural population in India, Occupational structure, farmers, agricultural laborers, artisans, handicrafts. traders, forest dwellers/tribes and others in rural India, Trends of change in rural population and rural workforce. problems and conditions of rural labour.

Precision agriculture: concepts and techniques, Geo-informatics use in precision agriculture. Crop discrimination and yield monitoring, soil mapping: fertilizer recommendation using geospatial technologies. Spatial data and their management in GIS, remote sensing concepts and application in agriculture. Image processing and interpretation: global positioning system (GPS). crop simulation models and their uses. STCR approach for precision nutrient Management: Nanotechnology concepts and techniques. nano-particles. nano-pesticides. nano-fertilizers, nano-sensors. Use of nanotechnology in seed, water. fertilizer, plant protection.

(2) Land Related Laws

Maharashtra Land Revenue Code: Definition and terminologies of agriculture, classification of land occupancies, responsibilities and duties of Revenue Officer, Title of State in lands and public roads. Use of lands for agriculture and non-agriculture, encroachment of land. Land revenue, revenue surveys. Assessment and settlement of land revenue, land within the sides of villages. Boundary and boundary works, Lands records, Records of rights. procedures of Revenue Officers.
Maharashtra Tenancy and Agricultural Land Acts, 1948: Concept of tenancy, right of tenants. Tiller’s Day. Termination of tenancy deemed tenancy. Personal cultivation, condition of purchase of agriculture land in Maharashtra. Sale of tenanted land, Confiscation powers of revenue officers.

Essential Commodities Act 1955: Essential commodities act in relation to cotton, sugarcane, food grains, milk, and meat. Right to Fair compensation and transparency in land acquisition. Rehabilitation and resettlement Act, 2013.

(3) Agriculture-Related Acts

Scope, benefits coverage and limitations; and subsequent amendments, etc. of following Acts in Agriculture and allied sectors:
Agriculture pest and disease Act (1950): Prevention of food adulteration act (1954). Food production order (1956), Indian seeds act (1966). Vegetable oil product Act (1967), Insecticides Act (1968), Agriculture Produce Market Act (1972). Meat Food Products Order (1973). Vegetable Oil product (standard of quality) order (1975). Indian veterinary council act (1984), Consumer protection act (1986), Indian fisheries act (1897). Central agricultural universities act (1992), Destructive insects and Pests (Amendment and Validation) act (1992). The Protection of plant varieties and farmers’ rights Act (2001). Biodiversity act (2002). Agricultural employees protection Act (2002), Right to information act (2005), Food Safety and Standards Act (2006). National Food Security Act (2013). Model agricultural produce and livestock marketing (Promotion & Facilitation) act. (2017). The-State/UT agricultural produce & livestock contract farming and services (Promotion & Facilitation) act (2018). Food safety and standards Act, 2006 (FSSA). Food safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).

(4) Agricultural Schemes

Agricultural Schemes: PM-Kisan Scheme, Pradhan Mantri Kisan mandhan yojana (PMKMY). Pradhan mantri fasal bima yojana (PMFBY). Kisan credit card (KCC) scheme.
Rural Development Schemes: Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Mission antyodaya, National social assistance program (NSAP). Deen dayal antyodaya yojana (DDAY) and MGNREGA.

Other Schemes: National agriculture market (eNAM), National mission for sustainable agriculture (NMSA), Pradhan Mantri Krishi sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY). Paramparagat krishi vikas yojana (PKVY), APEDA.

(5) Agricultural Related General Knowledge and Current Affairs
Current Affairs in agriculture especially focus on cropping patterns. Irrigation, storage, transport, and marketing of agricultural produce, Farm subsidies minimum support price (MSP) FRP for Sugarcane. Public distribution system food security, Food processing & land reforms Disaster management.

Highlights of agriculture in current union budgets, economic survey, facts, and figures in various reports like livestock census. NABARD reports Economic survey, Current statistical data about the area, production, and productivity of agricultural, horticultural crops. forest in-country and Maharashtra: Currently released technologies/ varieties/products/breeds of livestock animals etc. by ICAR. National Research Centers. Directorates and SAU’s with special reference to Maharashtra. Recent schemes, rules, and regulations, norms, Rečent farm laws etc. formulated by the government of India and the Government of Maharashtra and their impact. Recent facts and figures about agricultural exports and imports.

Recent advancement in agriculture research. ICAR Institutional changes/ updates. States/ National / International awards, fellowships in agriculture and food.

Agricultural Services Main Exam (Paper 2)

(1) Agronomy

• Tillage and tilth, Seeds and sowing. Crop density and geometry, Soil Management, Plant ideotypes, Crop adaptation, and its distribution.
• Earth atmosphere, Atmospheric weather variables; Nature and properties of solar radiation, types, solar constant, depletion of solar radiation, net radiation, albedo; Atmospheric temperature, temperature inversion, lapse rate, daily and seasonal variations of temperature, the vertical profile of temperature, the Energy balance of earth; Precipitation process, types, and classification; Atmospheric humidity, the concept of saturation, vapor pressure, the process of condensation, formation of dew, fog, mist, frost, cloud; Artificial rainmaking. Monsoon- mechanism and importance in Indian agriculture, Weather hazards and extreme weather conditions, Modifications of crop microclimate, climatic normals for crop. Weather forecasting – types, Climate change, climatic variability, global warming, causes of climate change, and its impact. Conservation Agriculture.
• Origin, geographical distribution, economic importance, soil and climatic requirements, varieties, cultural practices, Intercropping, pest and disease management and yield of Kharif, Rabi and Summer field crops.
• Weed classification, harmful and beneficial effects on the ecosystem, Reproduction, and dissemination of weeds. Herbicide classification, the concept of adjuvant, surfactant, herbicide formulation, and their use. Introduction to the mode of action of herbicides and selectivity. Allelopathy and its application for weed management. Bio-herbicides and their application in agriculture. Herbicide mixture, Herbicide compatibility, Integrated weed management, Herbicide Resistance, and management.
• Rainfed agriculture, types, Problems, and prospects of rainfed agriculture; Drought: types, Crop adaptation, and mitigation to drought; Crop management in rainfed areas, Contingent crop planning for aberrant weather conditions.
• Farming system concept, its types, Farming system components, and their maintenance, Cropping system and pattern, multiple cropping systems, crop rotation and principles, Efficient cropping systems, Allied enterprises, Tools for determining production and efficiencies in cropping and farming system; Sustainable agriculture, indicators of sustainability, adaptation and mitigation, conservation agriculture strategies, HEIA, LEIA and LEISA and its techniques for sustainability, Integrated farming system, objectives and characteristics, components of IFS, Site-specific IFS model for different agro-climatic zones, Resource cycling and flow of energy in the different farming system.
• Organic farming and its principles, Organic ecosystem concepts; Organic nutrient resources and its fortification; Restrictions to nutrient use in organic farming; Choice of crops and varieties in organic farming; Fundamentals of insect, pest, disease and weed management under the organic mode of production; Operational structure of NPOP; Certification process and standards of organic farming; Processing, marketing and export potential of organic products.

(2) Irrigation and Drainage Engineering

• Water Resources of India and Maharashtra, Irrigation scheduling criteria and methods, Quality of irrigation water, Soil-Water–Plant relationship, the Water requirement of different Agronomic crops. Evaporation, Transpiration, Evapotranspiration, Potential-evapotranspiration, effective rainfall, and consumptive use of water. Water Use efficiency, Irrigation Efficiencies. Crop water management techniques in problematic areas.
• Aquifer and its types; classification of wells, artificial groundwater recharge techniques; water-lifting devices; classification of pumps, component parts of centrifugal pumps, priming, pump selection, installation, the effect of speed on capacity, head, and power, the effect of change of impeller dimensions on performance characteristics; propeller pumps, mixed flow pumps, deep well turbine pump and submersible pump.
• Waterlogging – causes and impacts, drainage, objectives of drainage, Surface drainage coefficient, subsurface drainage, hydraulic conductivity, drainable porosity, water table, Design of subsurface drainage system, drainage pipes, drain envelope, Vertical drainage. Bio-drainage, mole drains, conjunctive use of fresh and saline waters.
• Basic concepts of command area – definition, Description of components of irrigation canal system, crop water requirement, duty and delta, specific discharge of canal, Canal seepage and lining of canal, diversion headworks and canal head regulators, hydraulic jumps, cross drainage works, canal falls, irrigation structures on distributary.

(3) Soil & Water Conservation Engineering

Surveying, classification and basic principles, chain surveying, cross-staff, and compass surveying, plane table surveying, leveling, contouring, and computation of area and volume. Introduction of soil mechanics, physical and index properties of soil, seepage analysis, shear strength, compaction, consolidation of soil, active and passive earth pressures, stability of slope. Hydrological cycle, hyetograph, intensity-duration-frequency relationship, hydrological process, evaporation, runoff, hydrograph, and its types. Soil erosion- introduction, causes, types of soil erosion, water erosion, soil loss estimation with components of USLE, water erosion, control measures, gully – ravines reclamation, wind erosion, principles mechanics and types of soil movement. Sedimentation. Water harvesting techniques- classification, farm ponds, temporary and permanent gully control measures- design and stability analysis.

Farm Power and Machinery

• Sources of farm power: Human, animal, mechanical, electrical, solar, wind power and farm mechanization. Principle of operation of Internal Combustion (IC) engine: IC engine types, components of IC engine, working principles of two stroke and four-stroke engine, engine terminology. IC engine systems: Air cleaner, fuel and fuel supply system, cooling system, and lubrication system of tractor. Tractor: Tractor types and their selection, operating cost of tractor and attached implements. Primary tillage implements – Mould board (MB) plough, disc plough, rotavator. Secondary tillage implements-Harrows and cultivators.
• Implements for inter-culturing operations: Hand tools and hoes, tractor drawn intercultural equipments. Seed drills and planters: Sowing methods, seed drill, components of seed drill, fluted seed metering mechanism, types of furrow openers, calibration of seed drill and seed cum fertilizer drill, Planters, functions, seed metering device in the planter. Plant protection equipment: Types of sprayers, classification of spraying techniques, and dusting machines. Harvesting and threshing machinery: Harvesting and threshing machinery, harvesting methods, mower and combine harvester.

Agricultural Process Engineering

• Introduction, Unit operations of grain processing. Cleaning and grading, aspiration, scalping. Screens and sieves-Types, classification, Air screen cleaner- and capacity, the effectiveness of screens. Various types of separators- specific gravity, magnetic, disc, spiral, pneumatic, inclined draper, velvet roll, color sorters, cyclone. Size reduction: principle, Bond’s law, Kick’s law, Rittinger’s law, procedure (crushing, impact, cutting and shearing), Size reduction machinery: Jaw crusher, Hammer mill, Plate mill, Ball mill. Sieve analysis and particle size.
• Drying: moisture content; Free, bound, and equilibrium moisture content, isotherm, hysteresis effect, EMC determination. Psychrometric chart and its use in drying, Drying principles and theory, Thin layer and deep bed drying analysis, Falling rate and constant rate drying periods, maximum and decreasing drying rate period. Drying equations, Mass, and energy balance. Methods of drying, types of grain dryers.
• Milling of paddy, Type of rice milling machinery. Modern rice milling – unit operations and machines. Parboiling of paddy – importance, and methods. milling of maize- methods and processed products, milling of wheat operations, and machinery. Processing of sorghum and millets. Milling of pulses-Unit operation, methods, and machines. Processing of oilseeds- Unit operations. Mechanical expression and solvent extraction methods. Mixing: Theory of mixing of solids and pastes, Mixing index, types of mixers for solids, liquid foods, and pastes. Material handling equipment. Types of conveyors: belt, roller, chain, and screw. Pneumatic conveying. Bucket Elevator. Cranes & hoists. Trucks (refrigerated/ unrefrigerated),
• Aerodynamics properties of agricultural products, drag coefficients, terminal velocity. Rheological properties; force, deformation, stress, strain, elastic, plastic and viscous behavior, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian liquid, Visco-elasticity, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluid, Pseudo-plastic, Dilatant, Thixotropic, Rheopectic and Bingham Plastic Foods. Electrical properties.

Unconventional Energy Sources and Electrical Engineering

• Concept and limitation of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), criteria for assessing the potential of RES, Classification of RES. Solar, Heat, Geothermal, Biomass, ocean energy sources. Comparison of Renewable Energy Sources With non-Renewable Energy Sources. Energy is available from Sun. Solar radiation data. Solar energy conversion heat through Flat plate and concentrating collector. Principle of natural and forced convection drying system, Solar Photo voltaics: P-n junctions. Solar cell. PV systems. Energy available from wind. General formula, Lift and drage. Basis of wind energy conversion. working principle of wind power plant Bio-energy
• Pyrolysis of biomass to produce solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels. Biomass Gasification. Types of gasifiers, various types of biomass cookstoves for rural energy needs. Biogas: types of biogas plants, biogas generation, factors affecting biogas generation and usages, design consideration, advantages and disadvantages of bio-gas spent slurry.

(4) Farm Structures

• Planning and layout of the farmstead. Scope, importance and need for environmental control, physiological reaction of livestock environmental factors, environmental control systems and their design, control of temperature, humidity, and other air constituents by ventilation and other methods, Livestock production facilities, BIS Standards for dairy, piggery, poultry, and other farm structures. Design, construction, and cost estimation of farm structures; animal shelters, compost pit, fodder silo, fencing and implement sheds, barn for cows, buffalo, poultry, etc. Causes of spoilage, Water activity for low and high moisture food and its limits for storage, Moisture and temperature changes in grain bins; Traditional storage structures and their improvements, Improved storage structures (CAP, hermetic storage, Pusa bin, RCC ring bins), Bag storage structures, Shallow and Deep bin. Rural living and development, rural roads, their construction cost, and repair and maintenance.
• Protected cultivation: Components of greenhouse, perspective, Types of greenhouses, poly houses /shed nets, Cladding materials, greenhouse effect, light, temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide enrichment, Design and construction of greenhouses. Greenhouse heating – necessity, components, methods, design of the heating system. Root media – types – soil and soilless media, composition, estimation, preparation, and disinfection, bed preparation. Planting techniques in greenhouse cultivation. Economic analysis.
• Cultivation of tropical, subtropical and temperate fruits and vegetable crops, plantation crops, spices and condiments, flower crops, potato and tuber crops, dry land horticultural crops and medicinal and aromatic crops. Breeding of fruit, plantation, vegetable, tuber, spices, and ornamental crops. Principles of plant breeding, genetics, and cytogenetics. Seed production of vegetable, tuber, spices, and ornamental crops. Plant propagation and nursery management. Weed management in horticultural crops. Orchard and estate management. Precision farming and protected cultivation of Horticultural crops. Fundamentals of horticulture. Ornamental horticulture and principles of landscape architecture. Growth and development. Introduction to agroforestry. Post-harvest management and processing of horticultural crops.
• Scope, importance, history, and branches of biotechnology: Definition, concepts, chronology and scientific contribution, Plant and Agricultural biotechnology: tissue culture, concept and applications, Environmental, Industrial biotechnology basic concepts, various techniques, and industrial applications, Nano-biotechnology: Nano-particles, nano-fertilizers and applications and future aspects of nano-biotechnology, Recombinant DNA: Introduction, Definition, requirements and evolution, tools in recombinant DNA technology, Molecular markers: Introduction and types- biochemical, morphological and molecular, DNA sequencing: Introduction, Maxam- Gilbert method, Sanger’s method, and automated sequencing. Genetic transformation: Field, Forest, Horticultural crops, Transgenics development, and present status. Bioinformatics: Introduction, scope and importance, Biological databases. Biosafety guidelines: Definition, Biosafety concerns, Biosafety regulatory framework, Agencies and their role, Molecular techniques principles and applications: Southern, Northern, Western blotting, ELISA, PCR

(5) Food microbiology

• Importance and significance of microbes in food science. Spoilage of cereal and cereal products, Milk and milk products, meat and meat products, Poultry and eggs, fish and other seafood, Fruits and vegetables and canned foods, Sugar and sugar products, and salts and spices. Importance, role in fermented foods, organisms involved, beneficial effects, Foodborne intoxications and infections, types of food involved, toxicity and symptoms, Types of fermentations; Alcoholic beverages: types, production and quality, Microbial cell products i.e. Mushroom, SCP, Baker’s yeast, blue-green algae and spirulina, Permitted and non-permitted food additives, Microbial standards of fresh and processed foods.

(6) Food chemistry

• Development and History of food chemistry. Introduction of food chemistry, biochemistry, and its scope. Food-based nutrients: {Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, and Minerals} and its analytical techniques. Formulation of diets, recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for adults and children. Role of food chemist. Moisture in foods, Chemistry of food flavor, Nutraceuticals in food, Food pigments present in animal and plants kingdoms. Food product sampling plan: Sample collection and preparation for analysis. Food-based different chromatographic techniques. Role of enzymes for the preparation of food products in co-relation with the food industry. Classification of protein isolation and purification.
• Quantitative and qualitative analysis of food products. Calculation of basal metabolic rate (BMR). Calculation of body mass index (BMI). Nutritional labeling of food products. Role of various national and international agencies in the field of human nutrition

(7) Methods of processing

• Minimal processing techniques for food, thermal Processing techniques: High-Temperature Short Time Processing, Extrusion, Ultra-high temperature, Drying, Dehydration, Evaporation, Concentration, Pasteurization, Sterilization. Low-temperature preservation, Dehydro freezing, Lyophilization. Non-thermal processing: High-pressure processing, Pulse electric field, Ultrasound, Pulse light, Ultraviolet light, Irradiation, Cold plasma processing, Ultrasonication, Ozone processing, Supercritical fluid extraction.

Forest Services Mains (Paper 1)

• History of India
• Physical, Social and Economic Geography of India and the World, Emphasis on that of Maharashtra
• Indian polity and Governance. Constitution and Political System, Rural and Urban local self Government
• Economic and Social Development

Forest Services Mains (Paper 2)

• General Science (Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Zoology)
• Nature Conservation

Engineering (Civil) Main Examination (Paper 1)

• Building Construction & Materials
• Strength of materials
• Theory of structures
• Structural analysis
• Steel structures
• Pre-stressed Concrete
• Construction Planning and Management

Engineering (Civil) Main Examination (Paper 2)

• Surveying
• Estimating, Costing, and Valuation
• Geotechnical Engineering
• Fluid Mechanics
• Engineering Hydrology
• Irrigation Engineering
• Highway Engineering
• Bridge Engineering
• Tunneling

Engineering (Electrical) Mains Paper 1

• Work, Power and Energy, Resistance, capacitance and inductance, DC circuits, KCL, KVL, Network theorems, fundamentals, RL, RC and RLC circuits, Steady-state and transient responses. Series and parallel AC circuits, Three-phase circuits, Power calculation in balanced and unbalanced circuits, and Linear and nonlinear loads.
• Basics of electromagnetic and electrostatic, series and parallel magnetic circuits, energy stored in fields, types, construction, operation of single and three-phase transformers, equivalent circuit and phasor, diagrams, OC and SC tests, regulation and efficiency calculation, parallel operation, field tests before commissioning.
• Fundamentals of energy conversion, Construction and theory of DC machine, DC generator characteristics, Starting, braking, and speed control of DC motors, Application of DC machines.Principle, types, performance characteristics, starting and speed control of single-phase and three-phase induction motors, Equivalent circuits, phasor diagrams, and applications. VFD for induction motors. Energy-saving opportunities in using VFD.
• Analog and Digital electronics fundamentals, devices and characteristics, amplifier and oscillator circuits, Operational amplifier, Gates, flip-flops, Combinational and sequential circuits, ADC, and DACs.
• Sensors and transducers, Performance characteristics of measuring instruments, instrument transformers, measurement of physical parameters such as pressure, force, temperature, flow, vibration, torque, etc. Principles of feedback, transfer function, block diagram, steady-state error, Steady-state and transient specifications, Bode plot, Nyquist plot, Root locus, Relative and absolute Stability considerations.
• Power Devices- Types, Characteristics of various power electronic devices, Triggering and protection circuits, Controlled and uncontrolled rectification, DC to DC converters, DC to AC conversion, modulation techniques, SPWM. Fundamentals of electric drives, 4 quadrant operation, theory and analysis of DC drives, converter and chopper fed DC drives, Voltage, frequency and V/F controlled drives, slip power recovery schemes, fundamentals of wind power generation, and grid interface.
• Power generation in India and Maharashtra, Renewable Generation, Various types of power plants, major equipment in power plants, and Major issues with wind and solar power generation and grid interface. Steady state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables, per unit quantities, Bus admittance and impedance matrices, symmetrical components.
• Calculation of sag and tension in the transmission of lines, Analysis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults, and the principle of active and reactive power transfer and distribution. Load flow studies, steady-state and transient stability, voltage stability, voltage control, economic load dispatch, and load frequency control in power systems.

Engineering (Electrical) Mains Paper 2

• Principle of circuit breaking, arc extinction and arc interruption for and DC breaker, Various types of circuit breakers and their applications, Ratings of breakers, isolators, and major HV switchgear
• Principle of over current, earth fault, differential, and distance protection. Concepts of solid-state and numeric relays. Protection of generator, transformer, transmission lines, substation, busbar, induction motors. Various LT switchgear devices such as MCCB, ELCB.
• Specification of impulse wave, multistage impulse generator, insulation coordination, Routine and type tests for cables and transformers, Lightning protection, Early emission arrestors, Power quality issues, Reactive and harmonic compensation, FT devices and their applications, Passive and Active filters, HVDC transmission.
• Energy scenario in India, Energy policies, pricing, and reforms, Energy conservation Act, 2001, Electricity Act, 2003. Energy management objectives, Electricity billing, electrical load management
  and MD control, Tariffs, PF improvements, and benefits.
• Basic terms in lighting systems and features, lamp types and their features Recommended illumination levels for various tasks, methodology of lighting system energy efficiency study, and Illumination system design for residential, commercial, and industrial categories. Solar-powered illumination and economics associated
• HVAC and refrigeration system, Types of refrigeration system, Common refrigerants, and properties, Compressor type and applications, Selection of suitable refrigeration system, Factors affecting performance and energy efficiency of refrigeration plants, Energy-saving opportunities.
• Substation design, bus designs, substation layout, grounding and ground grid design, substation structures, major substation equipment, auxiliary equipment, substation automation, Commissioning, and start-up. Industrial, residential and commercial wiring, electrical system design, design and audio, and video systems, Lifts and Elevator systems, safety norms, and codes. Fire fighting apparatus and systems.

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